Explanation and Causes:

The ankle joint is made up of 3 bones—the tibia is the inside larger bone of the lower leg, the fibula is the outside smaller bone of the lower leg, and the talus is the top bone of the foot. The synovium lies over the top of the joint and is filled with fluid to provide smooth and frictionless movements.

There are 3 different types of fracture that you should be aware of. The closed fracture is the least severe and takes the shortest time to heal. The open fracture is similar to a compound fracture and requires a longer more intense recovery. The displaced fracture most often requires surgery to place pins and screws to keep the bones stable as there are more than one break in the bone.

Common causes of ankle and foot injuries are:

  • Falls
  • Trauma or blows to the ankle
  • Twisting
  • Collisions
  • Rolling ankle in or out

Symptoms:

  • Immediate pain
  • Swelling
  • Tenderness to touch
  • Inability to put weight on foot
  • Popping sound at time of injury
  • Inability to move or feel toes indicates nerve damage

Diagnosis and Tests:

  • X-ray
  • Physical Examination

Treatment:

At home:

  • Stay off, keep it elevated
  • Ice 3-4 times a day for 15-20 min each time for the first 48 hours
  • Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin, Ibuprofen, or Naproxen
  • Splint for protection and immobilization

A physician might wait for the swelling to go down before a full evaluation of ankle The severity of the injury dictates what measures a physician will take. A cast for a couple of weeks or perhaps pins and screws might be used. The recovery period for such surgery is quite a bit longer.

Physical therapy might be prescribed to strengthen the muscles, ligaments, and tendons before full recovery to normal activity can be made. Recovery can take anywhere from 5 to 12 weeks and even several months for a full recovery depending on the severity of the injury.

Prevention:

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