Explanation and Causes:

A bursa is a small fluid filled sac that lies between tendons, bones, and the muscles of a joint to lubricate any movements. Bursitis occurs when this sac gets irritated and inflamed. The most common joints for bursitis are the elbows, hips, and shoulders. Repetition is the primary cause of injury to the bursae. Repetitive stresses such as using tools or playing sports most commonly cause the damage. Athletes like pitchers, soccer players and workers like roofers, gardeners, and roofers are those who are at the highest risk of getting bursitis.

Other causes include:

  • Infection
  • Arthritis
  • Gout
  • High intensity overuse
  • Prolonged pressure

Symptoms:

  • Dull ache in the joint
  • Stiffness
  • Increased pain with movement or with pressure
  • The joint is swollen or warm to the touch
  • Inflammation of the joint

Diagnosis and Tests:

  • X-ray
  • Draw blood from inflamed bursa to screen for infection
  • History
  • Physical exam

Treatment:

With proper treatment, bursitis will recede within 1-2 weeks with the possibility of flare ups.

Proper treatment includes:

  • Ice 3-4 times a day for 15-20 min
  • Rest
  • Pain relieving drugs such as Ibuprofen and Naproxen
  • Physical therapy
  • Progressive exercises to help strengthen muscles and tendons
  • Cortisone shots—sometimes one shot will be sufficient to reduce inflammation for good
  • Drain the bursa
  • Surgery as a last resort to remove the entire bursa all together

Prevention:

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